1. Information

2. Installation

  • Install Debian 10 with desktop environment.

  • Enter the following commands at command line.

    sudo apt install --yes bridge-utils libvirt-daemon-system qemu-kvm virtinst
sudo systemctl enable libvirtd
sudo systemctl start libvirtd
sudo systemctl status libvirtd
sudo adduser smru libvirt
sudo adduser smru libvirt-qemu
sudo virsh
quit
sudo apt install virt-manager -y

sudo virsh net-autostart default

sudo ls -al /var/lib/libvirt/images
sudo ls -al /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks

virt-manager

2.1. Bridging

  • Create a /etc/systemd/network/br0.netdev file with the following contents.

    [NetDev]
Name=br0
Kind=bridge
# Prevent systemd-networkd assigning a different MAC-Address.
# Assign MAC-address of phyical interface to bridge.
MACAddress=xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx

  • Create a /etc/systemd/network/br0.network file with the following contents.

    [Match]
Name=eth0

[Network]
Bridge=br0

  • Rename eth0 to br0 in the /etc/systemd/network/eth0.network file.

  • Enter the following commands at command line.

    networkctl
sudo brctl show

2.2. Xrdp

  • Enter the following commands at command line.

    sudo apt install xfce4 xfce4-goodies xorg dbus-x11 x11-xserver-utils
sudo apt install xrdp
sudo systemctl status xrdp
sudo adduser smru ssl-cert
sudo systemctl restart xrdp

3. Configuration

  • Todo:.

  • Enter the following commands at command line.

*

3.1. NIC Teaming

  • Enter the following commands at command line.

    sudo apt-get install ifenslave-2.6
sudo cp -a /etc/modules /etc/modules.org
sudo modprobe bonding
sudo echo 'bonding' >> /etc/modules
sudo cp -a  /etc/network/interfaces /etc/network/interfaces.org

  • Append the following lines in the /etc/network/interfaces file.

    # The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# enp3s0 configuration
auto enp3s0
iface enp3s0 inet manual
bond-master bond0
bond-primary enp3s0

# enp4s0 configuration
auto enp4s0
iface enp4s0 inet manual
bond-master bond0

# Bonding enp3s0 & enp4s0 to create bond0 NIC
auto bond0
iface bond0 inet static
address 10.20.1.20
gateway 10.20.1.170
netmask 255.255.255.0
bond-mode active-backup
bond-miimon 100
bond-slaves none

  • NIC Teaming with Bridge: Append the following lines in the /etc/network/interfaces file.

    # The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# enp3s0 configuration
auto enp3s0
iface enp3s0 inet manual
bond-master bond0
bond-primary enp3s0

# enp4s0 configuration
auto enp4s0
iface enp4s0 inet manual
bond-master bond0

# Bonding enp3s0 & enp4s0 to create bond0 NIC
auto bond0
iface bond0 inet manual
bond-mode active-backup
bond-miimon 100
bond-slaves none

# br0 configuration with bond0
auto br0
iface br0 inet static
address 10.20.1.20
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 10.20.1.170
bridge_ports bond0
bridge_stp off
bridge_waitport 0
bridge_fd 0

  • Restart the network service or the computer.

  • Enter the following commands at command line.

    cat /proc/net/bonding/bond0
sudo ifconfig

  • Note: You will see the two NIC has the same MAC address.

4. Virtual Machine Creation

4.1. Command Line

  • Enter the following commands at command line.

    sudo virt-install --name=debian11-2 \
--os-variant=debian10 \
--ram=1024 \
--vcpus=1 \
--network bridge:br0 \
--graphics none \
--location=/home/delta/Downloads/debian-11.0.0-amd64-xfce-DVD-1.iso \
--disk size=20 \
--extra-args="console=tty0 console=ttyS0,115200" \
--check all=off

  • Do the installation process.

  • Press Ctrl + ] to quit the KVM guest console.

  • Enter the following commands at command line.

    systemctl status serial-getty@ttyS0.service
systemctl enable serial-getty@ttyS0.service
systemctl status serial-getty@ttyS0.service

systemctl status serial-getty@ttyS0.service
systemctl start serial-getty@ttyS0.service
systemctl status serial-getty@ttyS0.service

  • Connect to KVM guest.

    • Type sudo virsh console --domain debian11-2.

    • Press Enter to login the KVM guest.

    • Do your thing.

  • Press Ctrl + ] to quit the KVM guest console.

  • Useful commands

    # Start the VM
sudo virsh list --all
sudo virsh start --domain debian11-2
sudo virsh list --all

# Pause the VM
sudo virsh list --all
sudo virsh suspend --domain debian11-2
sudo virsh list --all

# Resume the VM
sudo virsh list --all
sudo virsh resume --domain debian11-2
sudo virsh list --all

# Force shutoff the VM
sudo virsh list --all
sudo virsh shutdown --domain debian11-2
sudo virsh list --all

# Make sure the libvirtd service is started on boot
systemctl status libvirtd
systemctl enable libvirtd
systemctl status libvirtd

# List auto start VM
sudo virsh list --all --autostart

# List no auto start VM
sudo virsh list --all --no-autostart

# Make the VM autostart
sudo virsh autostart --domain debian11-2

# Make the VM not autostart
sudo virsh autostart --disable --domain debian11-2

# Clone the VM when the VM is shutoff
# The clone will not include the snapshots
sudo virt-clone --original debian11-2 --name debian11-3 --file /var/lib/libvirt/images/debian11-3.qcow2

# Delete the VM with no snapshots
sudo virsh list --all
sudo virsh domblklist --domain debian11-2
sudo virsh undefine --domain debian11-2
sudo virsh list --all
sudo vdir /var/lib/libvirt/images
sudo rm -f /var/lib/libvirt/images/debian11-2.qcow2
sudo vdir /var/lib/libvirt/images

sudo virsh list --all
sudo virsh domblklist --domain debian11-2
sudo vdir /var/lib/libvirt/images
sudo vdir /etc/libvirt/qemu
sudo virsh undefine --domain debian11-2 --remove-all-storage
sudo virsh list --all
sudo vdir /var/lib/libvirt/images
sudo vdir /etc/libvirt/qemu

# Snapshot
sudo virsh snapshot-list --domain debian11-2
sudo virsh snapshot-create-as --domain debian11-2 --name "test"
sudo virsh snapshot-list --domain debian11-2
sudo virsh snapshot-info --domain debian11-2 --snapshotname "test"

# Revert to a snapshot when the VM is shutoff or running
sudo virsh list --all
sudo virsh snapshot-list --domain debian11-2
sudo virsh snapshot-revert --domain debian11-2 --snapshotname "test"
sudo virsh snapshot-revert --domain debian11-2 --snapshotname "test" --running
sudo virsh snapshot-list --domain debian11-2
sudo virsh list --all

# Delete the VM snapshots
sudo virsh snapshot-list --domain debian11-2
sudo virsh snapshot-delete --domain debian11-2 --snapshotname "test"
sudo virsh snapshot-list --domain debian11-2

# Backup the VM when the VM is shutoff or running
sudo vdir /var/lib/libvirt/images
sudo vdir /etc/libvirt/qemu
sudo cp -p /var/lib/libvirt/images/debian11-3.qcow2 /tmp
sudo cp -p /etc/libvirt/qemu/debian11-3.xml /tmp
sudo vdir /tmp

# Restore the VM from the backup
sudo virsh list --all
sudo virsh undefine --domain debian11-3 --remove-all-storage
sudo virsh list --all
sudo vdir /var/lib/libvirt/images
sudo cp -p /tmp/debian11-3.qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images
sudo vdir /var/lib/libvirt/images
sudo vdir /etc/libvirt/qemu
sudo cp -p /tmp/debian11-3.xml /etc/libvirt/qemu
sudo vdir /etc/libvirt/qemu
sudo virsh list --all
sudo virsh define /etc/libvirt/qemu/debian11-3.xml

# Expand the VM disk size
sudo virsh vol-info /var/lib/libvirt/images/debian11-3.qcow2
sudo qemu-img resize /var/lib/libvirt/images/debian11-3.qcow2 +5G
sudo virsh vol-info /var/lib/libvirt/images/debian11-3.qcow2

# Increasing resources (vCPU and Memory) of the VM
sudo virsh shutdown --domain debian11-3
sudo virsh edit --domain debian11-3

# From
#    <vcpu placement='static'>1</vcpu>
#    <memory unit='KiB'>1048576</memory>
#    <currentMemory unit='KiB'>1048576</currentMemory>

# To
#    <vcpu placement='static'>2</vcpu>
#    <memory unit='KiB'>4048576</memory>
#    <currentMemory unit='KiB'>4048576</currentMemory>

sudo virsh start --domain debian11-3

# Storage pools
sudo mkdir /guest-images
sudo virsh pool-define-as smru --type dir --target "/guest-images"
sudo virsh pool-autostart smru
sudo virsh pool-start smru
sudo virsh pool-list --all --details

sudo virsh pool-list
sudo virsh pool-list --all --details
sudo virsh pool-info default
sudo virsh pool-info smru
sudo virsh vol-list default
sudo virsh vol-list smru
sudo virsh pool-edit default
sudo virsh pool-edit smru

4.2. GUI

  • Start Virtual Machine Manager.

  • Select File > New Virtual Machine.

  • Choose Local install media (ISO imange or CDROM).

  • Click Forward.

  • Click Browse.

  • Select the .iso file and click Choose Volume.

  • Check Automatically detect form the installation media / source.

  • Note: If the iso file is compatible, your will see the OS name in Choose the operating system you are installing field.

  • Click Forward.

  • Todo:. *

5. USB Key Passthrough